ANOINTING OIL to ANTOTHIJAH
Contents
ANOINTING OIL
The practice of anointing with perfumed oil was common among the Hebrews.
(1.) The act of anointing was significant of consecration to a holy or sacred use; hence the anointing of the high priest (Ex. 29:29; Lev. 4:3) and of the sacred vessels (Ex. 30:26).
The high priest and the king are thus called "the anointed" (Lev. 4:3, 5, 16; 6:20; Ps. 132:10).
Anointing a king was equivalent to crowning him (1 Sam. 16:13; 2 Sam. 2:4, etc.).
Prophets were also anointed (1 Kings 19:16; 1 Chr. 16:22; Ps. 105:15).
The expression, "anoint the shield" (Isa. 21:5), refers to the custom of rubbing oil on the leather of the shield so as to make it supple and fit for use in war.
(2.) Anointing was also an act of hospitality (Luke 7:38, 46).
It was the custom of the Jews in like manner to anoint themselves with oil, as a means of refreshing or invigorating their bodies (Deut. 28:40; Ruth 3:3; 2 Sam. 14:2; Ps. 104:15, etc.).
This custom is continued among the Arabians to the present day.
(3.) Oil was used also for medicinal purposes.
It was applied to the sick, and also to wounds (Ps. 109:18; Isa. 1:6; Mark 6:13; James 5:14).
(4.) The bodies of the dead were sometimes anointed (Mark 14:8; Luke 23:56).
(5.) The promised Deliverer is twice called the "Anointed" or Messiah (Ps. 2:2; Dan. 9:25, 26), because he was anointed with the Holy Ghost (Isa. 61:1), figuratively styled the "oil of gladness" (Ps. 45:7; Heb. 1:9).
Jesus of Nazareth is this anointed One (John 1:41; Acts 9:22; 17:2, 3; 18:5, 28), the Messiah of the Old Testament.
Formula of, given by Moses Ex 30:22-25, 31-33
ANT
(Heb. nemalah, from a word meaning to creep, cut off, destroy), referred to in Prov. 6:6; 30:25, as distinguished for its prudent habits.
Many ants in Palestine feed on animal substances, but others draw their nourishment partly or exclusively from vegetables.
To the latter class belongs the ant to which Solomon refers. This ant gathers the seeds in the season of ripening, and stores them for future use; a habit that has been observed in ants in Texas, India, and Italy.
General scriptures concerning Pr 6:6-8; 30:25
ANTEDILUVIANS
Worship God Ge 4:3, 4, 26
Occupations of Ge 4:2, 3, 20-22
Arts of Ge 4:2, 3, 20-22; 6:14-22
Enoch prophesies to Jude 1:14, 15
Noah preaches to Heb 11:7; 1Pe 3:18-20; 2Pe 2:5
Wickedness of Ge 6:5-7
Destruction of Ge 7:1, 21-23; Job 22:15-17; Mt 24:37-39; Lk 17:26, 27; 2Pe 2:5
See FLOOD
Longevity of
See LONGEVITY
Giants among
See GIANTS
ANTELOPE
-See DEER
ANTHROPOMORPHISMS
(Figures of speech, which attribute human forms, acts, and affections to God)
MISCELLANEOUS FIGURES
Ge 2:2, 3, 19; 6:6; 9:16; 18:17-19, 11:5, 7; 21, 33; 19:29; 22:12; 28:13; 35:13; Ex 2:24; 3:8; 14:24; 20:5; 31:17; 32:14; Nu 11:25; Jud 2:18; 1Sa 15:35; 2Sa 24:16; 1Ch 21:15; Ps 31:2; 33:6; 35:1-3; 36:7; 57:1; 68:17; 94:9; 121:4; Isa 1:15; Eze 1:24, 28; Hab 1:13; 1Pe 3:12
ATTRIBUTED TO DEITY
Memory Isa 43:26; 63:11
Assisted by tokens Ge 9:16
Reason Isa 1:18
Understanding Ps 147:5
Will Ro 9:19
MISCELLANEOUS ACTS AND STATES OF MIND ATTRIBUTED TO
Walking Ge 3:8; Le 26:12; Deut 23:14; Job 22:14; Hab 3:15
Resting Ge 2:2, 3; Ex 20:11; 31:17; Deut 5:14; Heb 4:4, 10
Does not faint Isa 40:28
Amazement Isa 59:16; 63:5; Mr 6:6
Laughing Ps 2:4; 37:13; 59:8; Pr 1:26
Sleeping Ps 44:23; 78:61
Grieved Ge 6:6; Jud 10:16; Ps 95:10; Heb 3:10, 17
Oaths Isa 62:8; Heb 6:1 all
See OATH
See also ANGER ANGER OF GOD
ANTICHRIST
against Christ, or an opposition Christ, a rival Christ.
The word is used only by the apostle John. Referring to false teachers, he says (1 John 2:18, 22; 4:3; 2 John 1:7), "Even now are there many antichrists."
(1.) This name has been applied to the "little horn" of the "king of fierce countenance" (Dan. 7:24, 25; 8:23-25).
(2.) It has been applied also to the "false Christs" spoken of by our Lord (Matt. 24:5, 23, 24).
(3.) To the "man of sin" described by Paul (2 Thess. 2:3, 4, 8-10).
(4.) And to the "beast from the sea" (Rev. 13:1; 17:1-18).
General scriptures concerning Mt 24:5, 23, Mr 13:6, 24, 26; 21, 22; Lk 21:8; 2Th 2:3-12; 1Jo 2:18, 22; 4:3; 2Jo 1:7
To be destroyed Re 19:20; 20:10, 15
ANTIOCH
(1.) In Syria, on the river Orontes, about 16 miles from the Mediterranean, and some 300 miles north of Jerusalem. It was the metropolis of Syria, and afterwards became the capital of the Roman province in Asia. It ranked third, after Rome and Alexandria, in point of importance, of the cities of the Roman empire.
It was called the "first city of the East." Christianity was early introduced into it (Acts 11:19, 21, 24), and the name "Christian" was first applied here to its professors (Acts 11:26). It is intimately connected with the early history of the gospel (Acts 6:5; 11:19, 27, 28, 30; 12:25; 15:22-35; Gal. 2:11, 12). It was the great central point whence missionaries to the Gentiles were sent forth.
It was the birth-place of the famous Christian father Chrysostom, who died A.D. 407. It bears the modern name of Antakia, and is now a miserable, decaying Turkish town. Like Philippi, it was raised to the rank of a Roman colony. Such colonies were ruled by "praetors" (R.V. marg., Acts 16:20, 21).
(2.) In the extreme north of Pisidia; was visited by Paul and Barnabas on the first missionary journey (Acts 13:14). Here they found a synagogue and many proselytes. They met with great success in preaching the gospel, but the Jews stirred up a violent opposition against them, and they were obliged to leave the place. On his return, Paul again visited Antioch for the purpose of confirming the disciples (Acts 14:21). It has been identified with the modern Yalobatch, lying to the east of Ephesus.
1. A city of Syria .Disciples first called Christians in Ac 11:19-30 .The congregation in Ac 13:1; 14:26, 27 .Barnabas and Paul make second visit to Ac 14:26-28 .Dissension within the congregation of Ac 15:22 with Ac 15:1-35 .Paul and Peter's controversy at Ga 2:11-15
2. A city of Pisidia. Persecutes Paul Ac 13:14-52; 2Ti 3:11; Ac 14:19-22; 18:22
ANTIOCHUS
the name of several Syrian kings from B.C. 280 to B.C. 65. The most notable of these were, (1.) Antiochus the Great, who ascended the throne B.C. 223.
He is regarded as the "king of the north" referred to in Dan. 11:13-19. He was succeeded (B.C. 187) by his son, Seleucus Philopater, spoken of by Daniel (11:20) as "a raiser of taxes", in the Revised Version, "one that shall cause an exactor to pass through the glory of the kingdom."
(2.) Antiochus IV., surnamed "Epiphanes" i.e., the Illustrious, succeeded his brother Seleucus (B.C. 175). His career and character are prophetically described by Daniel (11:21-32). He was a "vile person." In a spirit of revenge he organized an expedition against Jerusalem, which he destroyed, putting vast multitudes of its inhabitants to death in the most cruel manner.
From this time the Jews began the great war of independence under their heroic Maccabean leaders with marked success, defeating the armies of Antiochus that were sent against them. Enraged at this, Antiochus marched against them in person, threatening utterly to exterminate the nation; but on the way he was suddenly arrested by the hand of death (B.C. 164).
ANTIPAS
(1.) Herod Antipas, a son of Herod the Great by his Samaritan wife Malthace. He was tetrarch of Galilee and Peraea during the whole period of our Lord's life on earth (Luke 23:7).
He was a frivolous and vain prince, and was chargeable with many infamous crimes (Mark 8:15; Luke 3:19; 13:31, 32). He beheaded John the Baptist (Matt. 14:1-12) at the instigation of Herodias, the wife of his half-brother Herod-Philip, whom he had married. Pilate sent Christ to him when he was at Jerusalem at the Passover (Luke 23:7).
He asked some idle questions of him, and after causing him to be mocked, sent him back again to Pilate. The wife of Chuza, his house-steward, was one of our Lord's disciples (Luke 8:3).
(2.) A "faithful martyr" (Rev. 2:13), of whom nothing more is certainly known.
A martyr Re 2:13
ANTIPATRIS
a city built by Herod the Great, and called by this name in honour of his father, Antipater. It lay between Caesarea and Lydda, two miles inland, on the great Roman road from Caesarea to Jerusalem.
To this place Paul was brought by night (Acts 23:31) on his way to Caesarea, from which it was distant 28 miles. It is identified with the modern, Ras-el-Ain, where rise the springs of Aujeh, the largest springs in Palestine.
A city in Samaria Ac 23:31
ANTOTHIJAH
A Benjamite 1Ch 8:24
ANTONIA
a fortress in Jerusalem, at the north-west corner of the temple area. It is called "the castle" (Acts 21:34, 37). From the stairs of this castle Paul delivered his famous speech to the multitude in the area below (Acts 22:1-21).
It was originally a place in which were kept the vestments of the high priest. Herod fortified it, and called it Antonia in honour of his friend Mark Antony. It was of great size, and commanded the temple. It was built on a plateau of rock, separated on the north from the hill Bezetha by a ditch about 30 feet deep and 165 feet wide.
ANTOTHITE
an inhabitant of Anathoth, found only in 1 Chr. 11:28; 12:3. In 2 Sam. 23:27 it is Anethothite; in 1 Chr. 27:12, Anetothite. (R.V., "Anathothite.")