ADONIKAM to ADRIEL

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ADONIKAM

Also called ADONIJAH, a Jew who returned with Ezra from Babylon Ezr 2:13; Neh 7:18; Neh 10:16

ADONIRAM

Also called ADORAM, a tax gatherer 2 Sam 20:24; 1 Kings 4:6; 1 Kings 5:14; 1 Kings 12:18

ADONI-ZEDEK

Lord of Bezek, a Canaanitish king who, having subdued seventy of the chiefs that were around him, made an attack against the armies of Judah and Simeon, but was defeated and brought as a captive to Jerusalem, where his thumbs and great toes were cut off.

He confessed that God had requited him for his like cruelty to the seventy kings whom he had subdued (Judg. 1:4-7; comp. 1 Sam. 15:33).

A king of Jerusalem Josh 10:1-27

ADORE

To worship; to express reverence and homage.

The forms of adoration among the Jews were putting off the shoes (Ex. 3:5; Josh. 5:15), and prostration (Gen. 17:3; Ps. 95:6; Isa. 44:15, 17, 19; 46:6).

To "kiss the Son" in Ps. 2:12 is to adore and worship him. (See Dan. 3:5, 6.)

The word itself does not occur in Scripture</p>

ADONIJAH

My Lord is Jehovah.

(1.) The fourth son of David (2 Sam. 3:4). After the death of his elder brothers, Amnon and Absalom, he became heir-apparent to the throne.

But Solomon, a younger brother, was preferred to him. Adonijah, however, when his father was dying, caused himself to be proclaimed king. But Nathan and Bathsheba induced David to give orders that Solomon should at once be proclaimed and admitted to the throne.

Adonijah fled and took refuge at the altar, and received pardon for his conduct from Solomon on the condition that he showed himself "a worthy man" (1 Kings 1:5-53). He afterwards made a second attempt to gain the throne, but was seized and put to death (1 Kings 2:13-25).

(2.) A Levite sent with the princes to teach the book of the law to the inhabitants of Judah (2 Chr. 17:8).

(3.) One of the "chiefs of the people" after the Captivity (Neh. 10:16).

ADONIKAM

Whom the Lord sets up, one of those "which came with Zerubbabel" (Ezra 2:13). His "children," or retainers, to the number of 666, came up to Jerusalem (8:13).

ADOPTION

The giving to any one the name and place and privileges of a son who is not a son by birth.

(1.) Natural. Thus Pharaoh's daughter adopted Moses (Ex. 2:10), and Mordecai Esther (Esther 2:7).

(2.) National. God adopted Israel (Ex. 4:22; Deut. 7:6; Hos. 11:1; Rom. 9:4).

(3.) Spiritual. An act of God's grace by which he brings men into the number of his redeemed family, and makes them partakers of all the blessings he has provided for them.

Adoption represents the new relations into which the believer is introduced by justification, and the privileges connected therewith, viz., an interest in God's peculiar love (John 17:23; Rom. 5:5-8), a spiritual nature (2 Pet. 1:4; John 1:13), the possession of a spirit becoming children of God (1 Pet. 1:14; 2 John 4; Rom. 8:15-21; Gal. 5:1; Heb. 2:15), present protection, consolation, supplies (Luke 12:27-32; John 14:18; 1 Cor. 3:21-23; 2 Cor. 1:4), fatherly chastisements (Heb. 12:5-11), and a future glorious inheritance (Rom. 8:17,23; James 2:5; Phil. 3:21).

General scriptures concerning Gen 15:3

OF CHILDREN. INSTANCES OF Of Joseph's sons Gen 48:5, Gen 48:14, Gen 48:16, Gen 48:22 .Of Moses Exo 2:5-10; Acts 7:21; Heb 11:24 Of Esther Esther 2:7

SPIRITUAL

Exo 4:22-23; Num 6:27; Deut 14:1; Deut 26:18; Deut 27:9; Deut 28:10; Deut 32:5-6; 2 Sam 7:14; 1 Chr 22:10; 1 Chr 28:6; 2 Chr 7:14; Pr 14:26; Isa 8:18; Isa 43:6-7; Isa 63:8, Isa 63:16; Jer 3:19; Jer 31:9 Jer 31:20; Hosea 1:9; Hosea 11:1; Matt 5:9, Matt 5:45; Matt 13:43; Luke 6:35; John 1:12, John 1:13; John 11:52; Acts 15:17; Rom 8:14-19, Rom 8:21, Rom 8:29; Rom 9:8, Rom 9:26; 2 Cor 6:17; Gal 3:26, Gal 3:29; Gal 4:5-7; Eph 1:5; Eph 2:19; Eph 3:6, 15; Php 2:15; Heb 1:5; Heb 12:6, Heb 2:10, Heb 2:13; Heb 12:7, Heb 12:9; 1 John 3:1-2, 1 John 3:10; 1 John 4:4; Rev 21:7

TYPIFIED, in Israel Exo 4:22.

See GOD, FATHERHOOD OF.

See RIGHTEOUS, UNION OF, WITH CHRIST

ADORAIM

(Adoram, 1 Kings 12:18), the son of Abda, was "over the tribute," i.e., the levy or forced labour. He was stoned to death by the people of Israel (1 Kings 4:6; 5:14)

A city of Judah 2 Chr 11:9

ADORAM

1. Officer over the tribute 2 Sam 20:24

2. See ADONIRAM

ADONI-ZEDEC

Lord of justice or righteousness, was king in Jerusalem at the time when the Israelites invaded Palestine (Josh. 10:1,3).

He formed a confederacy with the other Canaanitish kings against the Israelites, but was utterly routed by Joshua when he was engaged in besieging the Gibeonites.

The history of this victory and of the treatment of the five confederated kings is recorded in Josh. 10:1-27. (Comp. Deut. 21:23).

Among the Tell Amarna tablets (see EGYPT) are some very interesting letters from Adoni-zedec to the King of Egypt.

These illustrate in a very remarkable manner the history recorded in Josh. 10:1 All, and indeed throw light on the wars of conquest generally, so that they may be read as a kind of commentary on the book of Joshua. Here the conquering career of the Abiri (i.e., Hebrews) is graphically described:

"Behold, I say that the land of the king my lord is ruined", "The wars are mighty against me", "The Hebrew chiefs plunder all the king's lands", "Behold, I the chief of the Amorites am breaking to pieces."

Then he implores the king of Egypt to send soldiers to help him, directing that the army should come by sea to Ascalon or Gaza, and thence march to Wru-sa-lim (Jerusalem) by the valley of Elah.

ADRAMMELECH

Adar the king. (1.) An idol; a form of the sun-god worshipped by the inhabitants of Sepharvaim (2 Kings 17:31), and brought by the Sepharvite colonists into Samaria. (2.) A son of Sennacherib, king of Assyria (2 Kings 19:37; Isa. 37:38).

1. An Assyrian idol 2 Kings 17:31

2. Son of Sennacherib 2 Kings 19:37; Isa 37:38

ADRAMYTTIUM

a city of Asia Minor on the coast of Mysia, which in early times was called AEolis.

The ship in which Paul embarked at Caesarea belonged to this city (Acts 27:2).

He was conveyed in it only to Myra, in Lycia, whence he sailed in an Alexandrian ship to Italy.

It was a rare thing for a ship to sail from any port of Palestine direct for Italy.

It still bears the name Adramyti, and is a place of some traffic.

A city of Mysia Acts 27:2

ADRIA

(Acts 27:27; R.V., "the sea of Adria"), the Adriatic Sea, including in Paul's time the whole of the Mediterranean lying between Crete and Sicily.

It is the modern Gulf of Venice, the Mare Superum_ of the Romans, as distinguished from the Mare Inferum_ or Tyrrhenian Sea.

Sea of Acts 27:27

ADRIEL

flock of God, the son of Barzillai, the Meholathite, to whom Saul gave in marriage his daughter Merab (1 Sam. 18:19).

The five sons that sprang from this union were put to death by the Gibeonites (2 Sam. 21:8, 9.

Here it is said that Michal "brought up" (R.V., "bare") these five sons, either that she treated them as if she had been their own mother, or that for "Michal" we should read "Merab," as in 1 Sam. 18:19).

Saul's son-in-law 1 Sam 18:19; 2 Sam 21:8-9