12:5-11 Where is this exhortation found in scripture and how does the Lord chasten Christians?

This exhortation is found in Proverbs (CP Pr 3:11-12). The object of God's chastening of Christians is that they might be made partakers of His holiness (CP He 12:11).

The word chastening refers to activity directed towards a child to influence conscious will and action. It means to instruct, to educate, to correct (CP Psa 94:12; 1Cor 11:31-32; Php 2:13; 2Ti 3:16-17; Rev 3:19).

God chastens Christians by His word. God's word judges us; it convicts us of sin and causes us to repent of the sin and confess it before God (CP Psa 32:5; Pr 28:13; 1Jn 1:9).

This clearly refutes the teaching that God chastens Christians by inflicting sickness or calamity upon them, or allowing them to be overcome by their circumstances in life, or to suffer persecution as a test of their faith. God's chastening of Christians has to do solely with redirecting their paths from sin to holiness (CP 1Cor 11:27-28; 2Cor 13:5; He 12:1-4, 12-15).

God's chastening of Christians has nothing to do with them being persecuted for their faith. Persecution comes from Satan, not to test our faith, but to destroy it, if it were possible (CP Jas 1:2-4; 5:10-11; 1Pe 1:6-7; 5:8-10).

These are trials of our faith, not God's chastening. Christians are warned throughout scripture that they will suffer persecution for their faith as a norm of christianity, but not as an instrument of God's chastening (CP Mk 10:29-30; Jn 15:18-21; 1Th 3:1-5; 2Ti 3:10-12; 1Pe 4:12-14; 1Jn 3:13).