CHRISTENDOM AT THE OPENING OF THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY

Chapter 1 PROTESTANTISM AND MEDIEVALISM

Ancient Society Discarded — New Races brought on Stage — Their Capacity for Progress — The Reformation not Possible before the Sixteenth Century — Medievalism Revives — A Conflict — Odds — The Victory of the Weak.

Chapter 2 THE EMPIRE

Fall of Ancient Empire — Revived by the Pope — Charlemagne — The Golden Bull — The Seven Electors — Rules and Forms of Election — Ceremony of Coronation — Insignia — Coronation Feast — Emperor's Power Limited — Charles V. — Capitulation — Spain — Becomes One Monarchy on the Approach of the Reformation — Its Power Increased by the Discoveries of Columbus — Brilliant Assemblage of States under Charles V. — Liberty in Danger — Protestantism comes to Save it

Chapter 3 THE PAPACY, OR CHRISTENDOM UNDER THE TIARA

Complex Constitution of the Papacy — Temporal Sovereignty limited to Papal States — Pontifical Supremacy covers all Christendom — Governmental Machinery — Legate-a-latere — Interdict — The Concordat — Concordat with Austria — The Papacy in Piedmont — Indulgences — The Confessional — The Papacy Absolute in Temporals as in Spirituals — Enormous Strength